The Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors are aggressive malignant small round blue cell tumors of undifferentiated mesenchymal origin. Skeletal Ewing's sarcoma is a common entity that classically involves the diaphysis of the long bones, pelvis, ribs, and sacrum. Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is rare, most commonly presenting as a paravertebral mass lesion. Its manifestation as an anterior epidural mass lesion with extension along brachial plexus is an even rarer phenomenon. A 25-year-old male presented with neck stiffness and progressive weakness of the bilateral upper and lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine revealed an anterior epidural mass lesion compressing the cervical cord and extending along the right brachial plexus, suggesting imaging differentials of EES and lymphoma. The patient underwent laminectomy with gross tumor resection, and histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of EES. EES should be kept in the differential diagnosis of anterior epidural mass lesions in young adults, specifically when the lesion shows extension along multiple neural foramina and nerve plexus.The authors describe two cases harboring lumbosacral spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) manifested with nonspecific initial symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis and unnecessary procedures. A curvilinear flow void in the lumbar region and thoracic cord congestion with subtle perimedullary flow voids were detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in both patients. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography and spinal angiography confirmed the SDAVFs in the lower lumbar and sacral region. Both fistulas were located at the same level of disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis and supplied by branches of the internal iliac arteries (i.e., iliolumbar and lateral sacral arteries) with cranial drainage from the dilated vein of the filum terminale, corresponding to a curvilinear flow void, to the perimedullary veins. The first case was successfully treated with embolization. Another case had recanalization of the fistula 4 months after endovascular treatment and was successfully treated with surgical interruption of the fistula. Our two case reports may provide additional evidence supporting an acquired etiology of SDAVFs, probably secondary to lumbosacral disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis. The authors also reviewed literature about preexistent lumbosacral SDAVFs associated with disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis. From our review, the level of SDAVFs in most patients is correlated with the level of disc herniation, spondylolisthesis, and/or spinal stenosis.Spontaneous radiographic disappearance of cerebral aneurysms is often observed under special conditions such as giant aneurysms. However, spontaneous disappearance of an unruptured and nongiant intracranial saccular aneurysms is rare. We describe two cases of this rare vascular phenomenon. The first patient is a 64-year-old female diagnosed with a small unruptured aneurysm arising from the distal anterior cerebral artery. Spontaneous disappearance of the aneurysm on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was observed 5 years after the initial diagnosis. Continuous imaging surveillance also revealed spontaneous reappearance of the aneurysm 2 years later. The second patient is a 57-year-old female harboring a small unruptured saccular aneurysm arising from the M1-M2 bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery. The aneurysm showed spontaneous disappearance on MRA 13 years after the initial diagnosis. These cases provide a new insight into this natural dynamic process even in cases of a small unruptured intracranial saccular aneurysm.Self-enucleation is an uncommon type of major self-injury, which may lead to severe neurological deficits and life-threatening complications, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection and occlusion. Our patient is a 53-year-old man with a history of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia who presented with SAH, intraventricular hemorrhage, ICA dissection and occlusion, and right cerebral infarct following self-enucleation. Despite a Glasgow Coma Score of 6 on initial presentation, he improved with conservative management. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/plerixafor.html He achieved a near-complete neurological recovery, with residual left lower extremity weakness and mild confusion. Self-enucleation is a major neurologic, ophthalmologic, and psychiatric emergency with a potential for serious neurological complications and contralateral visual loss. Yet, conservative management may lead to dramatic recovery.The authors describe an extremely rare case of spinal osseous epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SOEAVFs) with unique characteristic features. A 25-year-old man presented with progressive weakness and paresthesia of the lower extremities for 1 month. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed an extradural dilated vascular flow void structure extending from T4 to T8 levels with abnormal hyperintense T2 signal from T6 to T8 levels. Magnetic resonance angiography and spinal angiography revealed unique features of SOEAVF supplied by multiple small arterial feeders of intercostal arteries converging into a dilated round venous sac corresponding to a bony defect of T7 lamina and spinous process. The venous drainage directly drained into prominent epidural venous plexus extending from the level of T4 to T8 without intradural venous drainage, causing severe compressive myelopathy. Transarterial embolization was performed using N-butyl cyanoacrylate through the main feeder. Subsequently, he successfully underwent laminectomy and total excision of the fistula and large epidural draining venous plexus. Histopathology confirmed spinal vascular malformations with evidence of previous embolization. He gradually improved until being ability to walk independently 3 months later. Follow-up spinal angiography confirmed complete resection of SOEAVF. The patient has remained clinically asymptomatic 5 years after operation.Osteoid osteoma (OO) affecting the spine is one of the common causes of painful scoliosis in the growing age group. The involvement is usually in the posterior elements involving the lumbar and cervical spine. We report a case of OO affecting the body of the thoracic vertebral body. A 15-year-old male presented with painful left thoracolumbar scoliosis. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI showed a lucent area with central dense focus (nidus) suggesting OO. Surgical excision was done under image intensifier and void filled with a mesh cage having bone graft reinforced posteriorly with pedicle screws. Postoperatively, the patient was relieved of his diffuse pain and CT scan revealed complete excision of the lesion. At the follow-up, the patient has an active, unconstrained life. OO in the spine presents as scoliosis which can be painful or painless. The diagnosis can be missed on a plain radiograph and complete radiographic evaluation includes a CT scan and MRI. Spinal management includes curettage or radiofrequency ablation.